ISSN : 1229-0653
본 연구는 일련의 범죄사건에 대한 유죄지식의 유무에 따라 다르게 나타나는 사건관련전위의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 참가자들에게는 모의된 절도상황 또는 일상적인 행동으로 묘사된 상황에 무선으로 할당되어 경험하도록 하였고 이 중 유죄지식을 가진 사람은 훔쳐간 돈의 액수와 지갑을 감춘 장소에 대해 알게 되었다. 이후 유죄지식의 여부를 검증하기 위해 뇌파검사를 실시하였으며, 참가자들에게는 주어, 목적어, 서술어의 형태와 목적어, 부사구, 서술어의 형태로 완성된 문장을 제시하였다. 전형적인 Oddball 패러다임에서 변형된 형태로 목표문장, 무관련문장, 탐침문장의 3종류의 문장을 제시하였다. 목표문장과 무관련문장은 모두 유죄지식을 포함하지 않는 반면 탐침문장은 유죄지식을 포함하였으며 목표문장은 무관련문장과 탐침문장과는 다르게 반응하도록 하였다. 사건관련전위 분석결과, 탐침문장의 목적어와 부사구가 제시되었을 때 무죄집단과는 다르게 유죄집단의 경우 중심두정부에서 무관련문장에 비해 더 큰 진폭의 P300이 나타났다. 탐침문장의 서술어가 제시되었을 때에는 유죄집단의 경우 무관련문장보다 전두부에서 더 큰 진폭의 P300이 관찰된 반면 무죄집단은 이러한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 유죄집단에서 탐침문장의 목적어와 부사구에 나타난 두정엽에서의 P300은 유죄지식의 변별로 인해 기인한 것으로 보여지며, 이는 기존의 연구결과를 지지하고 있다. 탐침문장의 서술어를 유죄집단에게 제시하였을 때 나타난 전두엽에서의 P300은 유죄지식에 대해 요구되는 의사결정과 판단과정에 있어 반응억제가 관여된 것으로 보여진다.
P300-based GKT(guilty knowledge test) has been suggested as an alternative approach for conventional polygraphy. The purpose of this study is to investigate event-related potentials using sentences in guilty and innocent subjects after performing a mock crime. The guilty subjects had concealed informations(probe) about the amount of stolen money and the place to hide a wallet. Event-related potentials were collected as participants performed visual Oddball task that required participants to press one button to target sentence and to press the other button to irrelevant and probe sentences. The sentences were presented in order of the subject, the object, and the predicate or in order of the object, the adverbial phrase, and the predicate. The statistical analysis of P300 elicited by probe stimuli of the object and the adverbial phrase which directly included concealed informations indicated that the guilty subjects showed significantly higher P300 amplitudes than the innocent subjects at the parietal area. P300 elicited by probe stimuli of the predicate which was presented after the object or the adverbial phrase and which did not contain concealed informations indicated that the guilty subjects showed significantly higher P300 amplitudes than the innocent subjects at the frontal area. These results support the hypothesis that the neural processes involved in the predicate as well as the object or the adverbial phrase in the probe sentences are specific in individuals with concealed informations.
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