바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

Characteristics of Child Molesters in the Deviant Sexual Interests and Emotional Recognition

Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2013, v.27 no.2, pp.51-68
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2013.27.2.004


Abstract

This study investigated dysfunctions of emotional recognition ability among child molesters and also explored their deviant preference to child related stimulus. For this purpose, ERT-R(Emotional Recognition Test-Revised) and KASI(Korean Assessment for Sexual Interest) were applied to assess sex offenders' response characteristics. 145 sex offenders were involved in this study, assigned to two different groups according to the age of victims; under the age of 13 versus 13 years or older. The analyses of variances presented significant differences between the two criterion groups, as expected. The child molesters whose victims were under 13 years old showed significantly lower emotional recognition ability than the child molester whose victims were 13 years of age or older. Also, that group of sex offenders considered as child molesters viewed significantly longer pictures of children compared to their correspondent group. In order to explore relative efficiency among predictors for distinguishing criterion groups, logistic regression analyses were produced. The results indicated viewing time on girls’ and male adults’ photo had strong efficacy to differentiate criterion groups. Child molesters watched girls’ photo longer but male adults’ photo shorter. However any scores of ERT-R did not produced significant results. Finally, these results were discussed for therapeutic purpose.

keywords
아동성폭력범, 정서인식능력검사(ERT-R), 시각 반응 시간, 한국판 성적기호 평가도구(KASI), child molesters, Emotional Recognition Test-Revised (ERT-R), Korean Assessment for Sexual Interest (KASI)

Reference

1.

고려진 (2009). 시각 반응 시간(VRT) 측정 방식을 통한 아동 대상 성범죄자들의 성적 기호 평가에 대한 연구. 경기대학교 대학원 박사학위논문.

2.

고선영 (2004). 시설수용소년범의 공감능력차이. 경기대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.

3.

배승민, 신동원, 이수정 (2009). 주의력결핍과잉행동장애 아동에서 감정인식력 및 충동성이 공격성에 미치는 영향. 소아청소년정신의학, 20(1), 17-22.

4.

이수정, 고려진 (2012). 한국판 성적기호 평가도구(KASI) 실시요강. 맥스메디카.

5.

이수정, 황혜정 (2003). CBT 정서능력검사의 타당도 연구. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 8(1). 41-67.

6.

정은혜 (2009). 정서인식력검사(Emotional recognition test: ERT-R)의 표준화 연구. 경기대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.

7.

Abel, G. G., Huffman, J., Warberg, B., & Holland, C. L. (1998). Visual reaction time and plethysmography as measures of sexual interest in child molester. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 10, 81-95.

8.

Abel, G. G., Jordan, A., Hand, C. G., Holland, L. A., & Phipps, A. (2001). Classification models of child molesters utilizing the Abel Assessment for Sexual Interest. Child Abuse and Neglect, 25, 703-718.

9.

Abel, G. G., Lawry, S. S., Karlstrom, E. M., Osborn, C. A., & Gillespie, C. F. (1994). Screening tests for pedophilia. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21, 115-131.

10.

Blair, R. J. R. (1995). Cognitive developmental approach to morality: Investigating the psychopath. Cognition, 57, 1-29.

11.

Blair, R. J. R., & Mitchell, D. G. V. (2009). Psychopathy, attention and emotion. Psychological Medicine, 39, 543-555.

12.

Blair, R. J. R., Mitchell, D. G. V., Richell, R. A., Kelly, S., Leonard, A., Newman, C., & Scott, S. K. (2002). Turning a deaf ear to fear: Impaired recognition of vocal affect in psychopathic individuals. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 111(4), 682-686.

13.

Blair, R. J. R., Colledge, E., Murray, L., & Mitchell, D. G. (2001). A selective impairment in the processing of sad and fearful expressions in children with psychopathic tendencies. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 29, 491-498.

14.

Bush, C. A., Mullis, R. L., & Mullis, A. K. (2000). Differences in Empathy betweem offender and nonoffender youth. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29(4), 467-478.

15.

Campanella, S., Vanhoolandt, M. E., & Philippot, P. (2005). Emotional deficit in subjects with psychopathic tendencies as assessed by the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2: an event-related potentials study. Neuroscience Letter, 373(1), 26-31.

16.

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power for the Behavioral Sciences. Mahwah NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum and Associates.

17.

Davis, M. H. (1983). Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 44, 113-126.

18.

Fernandez, Y. M., Marshall, W. L., Lightbody, S., & O’Sullivan, C. (1999). The Child Molester Empathy Measure: description and examination of its reliability and validity. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 11(1), 17-31.

19.

Feshback, N. D. (1978). Studies of empathic behavior in children. In B. Maher (Ed.), Progress in experimental personality research, 8, (pp.1-47). NY: Academic.

20.

Granello, P. F., & Hanna, F. J. (2003). Incarcerated and Court-Involved Adolescents: Conuseling an At-Risk Population. Journal of Counseling and Development, 81(1), 11-18.

21.

Gray, S. R. & Plaud, J. J. (2005). A comparison of the Abel Assessment for Sexual Interest and Penile Plethysmogtaphy in an outpatient sample of sex offender. Journal of Sexual Offender Civil Committment: Science and the Law, 1, 1-10.

22.

Gress, C. L. Z. (2005). Viewing time measures and sexual interest: Another piece of the puzzle. Journal of Sexual Aggression, 11, 117-125.

23.

Hanson, R. K. (1997). Invoking sympathy: Assessment and treatment of empathy deficits among sexual offenders. In B. K. Schwartz, & H. R. Cellini (Eds.), The sex offender: New insights, treatment, innovations, and legal developments, volume Ⅱ (pp.1-12). Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

24.

Hare, R. D. (1991). The Hare Psychopathy checklist-revised. Toronto, ON: Multi-Health System.

25.

Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Quinsey, V. T., & Chaplin, T. C. (1996). Viewing time as a measure of sexual interest among child molesters and nomal heterosexual men. Behavior Research and Therapy, 34, 389-394.

26.

Hogan, R. (1969). Development of an empathy scale. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33(3), 307-316.

27.

Hudson, S. M., Marshall, W. L., Wales, D., McDonald, E., Bakker, L. W., & McLean ,A. (1993). Emotional recognition skills of sex offenders. Annals of Sex Research, 6, 199-211.

28.

Iannotti, L. A. (1978). Effect of role-taking experiences on empathy, altruism, and aggression. Developmental Psychology, 14, 119-124.

29.

Ickes, W. (1997). Empathic accuracy. New York: Guilford.

30.

Johnson, S. A., & Listiak, A. (1999). The measurement of sexual preference-A preliminary comparison of phallometry and the Abel Assessment. In B. K. Schwartz & H. R. Cellini (Eds.). The sex offender. Kingston, NJ: Civic Research Institute.

31.

Kalmus, E., & Beech, A. R. (2005). Forensic assessment of sexual interest: A review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 10, 193-217.

32.

Letourneau, E. J. (2002). A comparison of objective measures of sexual arousal and interest: Visual reaction time and penile plyethysmography. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 14, 207-223.

33.

Levenson, R. B. (1996). Biological substrates of empathy and facial modulation of emotion: Two facets of the scientific legacy of John Lanzetta. Motivation and Emotion, 20, 185-204.

34.

Lee, S. J., Miller, A. H., & Moon, J. (2004). Exploring the Forensic Use of the Emotional Recognition Test(ERT-R). International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 48(6), 664-682.

35.

MacDonald, A. (2003). I feel your pain (and joy): New theories about empathy. Brain Work: The Neuroscience Newsletter, 13(4), 1-3.

36.

Malamuth, N. M. (1988). A multidimensional approach to sexual aggression: Combining measures of past behavior and present likelihood. In R. A. Prentky & V. L. Quinsey (Eds.), Human sexual aggression: Current perspectives (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 528, pp.123-132).

37.

Malamuth, N. M., Heavey, C. L., & Ling, D. (1993). Predicting men’s antisocial behavior against women: The interactional model of sexual aggression. In G. C. Nagayama Hall, R. Hirschman, J. R. Graham, & M. S. Zaragoza (Eds.), Sexual aggression: Issues in etiology, assessment, and treatment (pp.63-97). Washigton DC: Taylor & Francis.

38.

Marshall, W. L., Anderson, D., & Fernandez, Y. (1999). Cognitive behavioral treatment of sexual offenders. NY: John Wiley and Sons.

39.

Marshall, W. L., Hudson, S. M., & Jones, R. (1993). Empathy in sex offenders. Clinical Psychology Review, 15, 99-113.

40.

Marshall, W. L., Hudson, S. M., Jones, R, & Fernandez, Y. M. (1995). Empathy in sex offenders. Clinical Psychology Review, 15, 99-113.

41.

Marshall, E. L., & Pithers, W. D. (1994). A reconsideration of treatment outcome with sex offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21(1), 10-27.

42.

Rice, M. E., Chaplin, T. C., Harris, G. T, & Coutts, J. (1994). Empathy for victim and sexual arousal among rapists and nonrapists. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 9, 435-449.

43.

Rosenzweig, S. (1942). The photoscope as an objective device of evaluation sexual interest. Psychosomatic Medicine, 4, 150-157.

44.

Sachsenmaier, S. J., & Gress, C. L. Z. (2009). The Abel Assessment for Sexual Interests-2: A critical review. In D. Thornton & D. R. Laws (Eds). Cognitive Approaches to the Assessment of Sexual Interest in Sexual Offenders (pp.31-57). London: Wiley-Blackwell.

Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology