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Factor Structure Exploration and Scale Development of Group Entitativity

Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2017, v.31 no.2, pp.101-126
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2017.31.2.006


Abstract

Group entitativity is a group trait to be perceived as a whole, singular entity, and not as a crowd of individuals. In this study, a Group Entitativity Scale was developed based on items from previous studies and its subfactors were examined. Participants reported perceived characteristics of four different group types (an intimacy group, a task group, a social category, a loose association) on a preliminary Group Entitativity Scale. The results show that a two-level model of group entitativity has a good fit. In the model, group entitativity consists of two distinct factors: Agency and Essence. Agency factor comprises common goal and common fate; Essence factor is composed of closeness, impermeability, and groupness. Meanwhile, when the four types of groups were compared on the two factors, Agency and Essence factor scores of the intimacy group and the task group were higher than the scores of the other two groups. Agency score of the task group was higher than that of the social category; however, the difference between the two groups in Essence was not statistically significant. Both Agency and Essence scores of the loose association were lower than those of the other groups. This study reveals the factor structure of group entitativity, and thereby further reifies the concept and provides a method to measure it.

keywords
집단 실체성, 탐색적 요인분석, 다중집단 확인적 요인분석, 측정, group entitativity, exploratory factor analysis, multiple group confirmatory factor analysis, measurement

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