Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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ISSN : 1229-0653
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Vol.32 No.2
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine the influence of self-construal on body satisfaction and emotion in situations with appearance-related social comparison. 592 female participants completed independent- interdependent self-construal scale and among them 40 participants were selected as a independent self-construal group and 40 participants as a interdependent self-construal group. Participants completed VAS and PANAS at pretest and then were exposed to the social comparison stimuli, and completed posttest measures with VAS and PANAS. The main results were as follows: First, the interdependent self-construal group showed lower body satisfaction, positive mood, and higher negative mood than the independent self-construal group. Second, there was significant difference in the body satisfaction and negative emotions between the two groups in the upward comparison condition. Interdependent self-construal group showed lower body satisfaction and higher negative mood than the independent self-construal group in the upward comparison condition. In contrast to the upward comparison condition, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the downward comparison condition. However, unlike the independent self-construal group, which showed no significant change after the upward and downward comparisons, the interdependent self-construal group showed significant change in the body satisfaction and emotion after exposure to the upward and downward comparison stimulus. Finally, the limitations of this study and the implications for future studies were discussed.
Abstract
This study examined whether the persuasive effect of the in-group norm would be stronger when the persuasion topic was relevant to the in-group category than when it was not. In Study1, both male and female college students read an article about the affirmative action policy for the promotion of women, after which they received an information indicating that their in-group (i.e., Male In-group vs. Female In-group vs. College Students In-group) showed either favorable or neutral attitude toward the issue. As expected, the results demonstrated that the favorable norm information of the gender in-group was more influential than the favorable norm information of the college students in-group. However, the stronger persuasion effect of the norm information of the gender in-group was limited only to th male participants. In Study2, we attempted to replicate the stronger persuasion effect of the relevant in-group category to the persuasion topic shown in Study 1, this time using the College Student Category as the key category. More specifically, participants read an article about the affirmative action policy for the permission of the minority group members to universities, and afterwards they received an normative in-group (i.e., Male In-group, Female In-group or College Students In-group) information, showing either favorable or neutral attitudes. The results demonstrated that as hypothesized, the participants who were provided with the in-group normative information of university students changed their attitudes more than those who were presented with the in-group normative information of gender in-group. This finding replicated the results in Study1, indicating the importance of the relevance of the persuasion topic to the in-group category in using the normative information of the in-group in the persuasion context for the affirmative action policy. The theoretical and practical implication of these findings were discussed.
Abstract
How money is spent, aside from amount, affects well-being. In terms of happiness, spending money on intangible experiences (e.g., dining, travel), rather than material possessions (e.g., clothes, shoes) is known to be more beneficial. This study examined the possibility that the person's perceived wealth plays a role in this purchase decision. As expected, college students with high self-perceived socioeconomic status (SES) preferred to spend more on experiential than material goods (Study 1). This pattern was replicated in an adult US sample, more diversified in terms of economic standing, ethnicity, and age (Study 2). Study 3 experimentally manipulated perceived financial standing to examine whether wealth shapes the preference for purchase type. Those primed with high (versus low) financial status showed a decreased sense of threat in life, which led to a greater preference for experiential over material purchase. Overall, the current data suggest that perceived wealth partly increases happiness by directing the person to allocate her resources more towards experiences than goods. This study suggests that affluence encourages the person to purchase something that is saturated with more happiness in life-experience, rather than material good.
Abstract
Criteria-Based Contents Analysis(CBCA) is a statement-analysis technique that determines the veracity of sexually abused child victims’ statements. It consists of the 19 criteria that are most likely to exist in statements of children who are telling the truth. This study examined the inter-rater reliability of nine CBCA experts working for the Korean Police Agency. The experts evaluated the existing 19 CBCA criteria with five child sexual abuse cases. They were also asked to make a final decision as to whether the children’s statements were reliable or not. The results showed that 11 out of the 19 criteria indicated adequate inter-rater reliabilities, with coefficients of criterion 2(Unstructured production), 8(Unusual details), 9(Superfluous details), 11(Related associations), and 14(Spontaneous corrections) being low. The agreement coefficient of the overall judgments of the reliability of the children’s statements was .511, showing an adequate level of reliability. The implications of these findings for the use of CBCA reports in making credibility decisions in the forensic contexts are discussed.