정신분열병 환자의 작업기억 장애
Impairment of working memory in patients with schizophrenia
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초록
정신분열병 환자가 언어 작업기억 및 공간 작업기억의 장애를 가지고 있는지, 만약 작업기억의 장애를 가지고 있다면 어떤 신경심리적 기능과 관련되어 있는가를 조사하였으며, 이에 근거하여 정신분열병과 전전두엽 사이의 관련성을 밝히고자 하였다. 언어 작업기억과 공간 작업기억은 각각 숫자폭 검사와 공간폭 검사를 사용하여 측정하였으며, 신경심리적 기능은 위스콘신 카드분류 검사, 선로잇기 검사, 통제단어연상 검사 및 한국판 캘리포니아 언어학습 검사를 사용하여 평가하였다. 정신분열병 환자군은 비교군에 비하여 공간 작업기억 과제의 수행이 유의하게 저하되었으나, 언어 작업기억 과제의 수행에는 두 집단 간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 정신분열병 환자군은 비교군에 비하여 주의력, 문제해결력 및 언어 기억의 저하를 보였다. 정신분열병 환자군에서 언어 작업기억과 선로잇기의 반응시간 및 통제단어연상검사의 철자단어수와의 상관이 관찰되었고, 공간 작업기억은 위스콘신 카드분류검사의 보속반응 및 보속오반응과 높은 상관을 보였다. 이 결과들은 정신분열병 환자가 공간 작업기억의 장애를 가지고 있으며, 이는 전전두엽의 기능부전과 관련되어 있다는 것을 시사한다.
- keywords
- schizophrenia, verbal working memory, spatial working memory, digit-span test, spatial-span test, 정신분열병, 언어 작업기억, 공간 작업기억, 숫자폭 검사, 공간폭 검사, schizophrenia, verbal working memory, spatial working memory, digit-span test, spatial-span test
Abstract
This study investigated the verbal/spatial working memory impairments and the relationship between working memory and neuropsychological functions in patients with schizophrenia. 20 schizophrenic patients and 20 normal controls participated. The verbal working memory and spatial working memory were measured by digit-span test and spatial span test, respectively. The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST), Trail Making Test(TMT), Controlled Oral Word Association(COWA) and Korean-California Verbal Learning Test(K-CVLT) were administered to evaluate the neuropsychological functions. The schizophrenic patients showed impaired performances on spatial-span test but not on digit-span test, which indicate that schizophrenic patients have spatial working memory deficit but preserved verbal working memory. The schizophrenic patients showed impairments of such neuropsychological functions as attention, problem-solving and verbal memory. In schizophrenic patients, the verbal working memory has significant correlations with response time of TMT and COWA letter, while spatial working memory has a relationship with perseverant responses of WCST. These results indicate that schizophrenic patients have an impairment of spatial working memory, which seems to be related to prefrontal dysfunction
- keywords
- schizophrenia, verbal working memory, spatial working memory, digit-span test, spatial-span test, 정신분열병, 언어 작업기억, 공간 작업기억, 숫자폭 검사, 공간폭 검사, schizophrenia, verbal working memory, spatial working memory, digit-span test, spatial-span test
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