사회불안 군집 유형에 따른 심리적 안정감의 차이
Psychological Stability Differences in Social Anxiety Subtypes
이기학 (연세대학교)
초록
본 연구는 244명의 서울시 소재 대학생들을 대상으로 사회불안의 하위 군집이 어떻게 구성되는지실제 현상에 대해 탐색하였다. 이를 위하여 사회적 상황의 특성에 따라 사회불안을 구분해야 한다는 Leary와 Kowalsky(1995)의 주장과 발표불안을 독립적인 하위유형으로 구분해야 한다는Kessler, Stein, & Berglund(1998)의 의견을 보완하여, ‘사회적 상호작용 불안’, ‘수행불안’, ‘발표불안’의 수준에 따라 군집분석을 하였다. 그리고 각 군집별로 심리적 안정감인 부정적 정서, 자아 존중감, 안정애착에 있어서 유의미한 차이가 있는지를 조사하였다. 군집분석 결과 3개의 군집(‘전반적으로 낮은 사회불안’, ‘전반적으로 높은 사회불안’, ‘높은 발표불안을 동반한 중간의 사회불안’)으로 나타났다. 부정적 정서는 ‘전반적으로 높은 사회불안’, ‘높은 발표불안을 동반한 중간의 사회불안’, ‘전반적으로 낮은 사회불안’ 군집 순으로 높은 수준을 보였으며, 자아 존중감은 ‘전반적으로낮은 사회불안’, ‘높은 발표불안을 동반한 중간의 사회불안’, ‘전반적으로 높은 사회불안’ 군집 순으로 높았다. 그리고 안정 애착은 ‘높은 발표불안을 동반한 중간의 사회불안’과 ‘전반적으로 높은 사회불안’ 사이의 유의미한 차이가 없었으며, ‘전반적으로 낮은 사회불안’에 비해 앞의 두 군집의 안정 애착 수준이 유의미하게 낮았다. 이러한 결과들을 통해 일반인들의 사회불안 하위 그룹의 구분에 대한 이해의 토대를 형성하는데 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. 그리고 각 사회불안의 군집의특성을 밝힘으로써 개인의 독특한 차이를 고려할 수 있기에 사회불안을 겪는 이들을 치료하고 연구하는 데 좀 더 효과적인 접근을 가능하게 할 수 있을 것이다.
- keywords
- Social Interactive Anxiety, Performance Anxiety, Presentation Anxiety, Psychological Stability, classification, 발표 불안, 사회적 상호작용 불안, 수행 불안, 심리적 안정감, 군집
Abstract
This study used cluster analysis procedures to identify natural subgroups of 244 Korean college students in terms of their levels of ̔social interaction anxiety', ̔performance anxiety',and ̔presentation anxiety'. And then the characteristics of each subgroups were explored on the basis of the students' scores on psychological stability (negative affect, self-esteem, and stable attachment). The results revealed that three subgroups were identified. These groups were labelled: (1) low level social anxiety (2) pervasive social anxiety (3) middle level social anxiety with high presentation anxiety. Additionally, results from a MANOVA analysis revealed that each cluster showed significant differences on negative affect(η2 =.18),self-esteem(η2 =.20), and stable attachment(η2=.10). This results showed that the three subgroups have their own characteristics. The current findings suggest that in exploring social anxiety, individual differences on the levels of ̔social interaction anxiety', ̔performance anxiety', and ̔presentation anxiety' should be fully considered. The current study offers useful implications for counseling psychologists who work with the clients with social anxiety in terms of research and practice.
- keywords
- Social Interactive Anxiety, Performance Anxiety, Presentation Anxiety, Psychological Stability, classification, 발표 불안, 사회적 상호작용 불안, 수행 불안, 심리적 안정감, 군집
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