The Relationship between Body Comparison and Body Dissatisfaction among Males and Females

본 연구는 사회비교이론을 바탕으로 신체 불만족과 섭식행동으로 발전하는데 기여하는 중요한 변인인 ‘신체 비교’ 과정에서 나타나는 남녀 차이를 타인의 신체에 대한 주관적 평가를 통하여 알아보고자 하였다. 남자대학생 19명과 여자대학생 19명으로 이루어진 총 38명의 실험 참여자를 대상으로 비만, 근육질, 마른 체형으로 구성된 남성 신체의 사진과, 비만, 보통, 마른 체형으로 구성된 여성 신체의 사진을 각각 제시하고 이에 대한 사이즈, 매력도, 우월도에 대해 VAS로 평가하도록 하였다. 그 결과, 여성이 날씬한 여성에 대해서 더욱 매력적이고, 자신과 비교했을 때 우월하다고 평가한 반면, 남성은 여성보다 근육질 남성에 대해 더욱 매력적이라고 평가하였으나 더욱 우월하다고 평가하지는 않았다. 또한 실험 후 여성이 남성보다 신체사진에 노출하기 전과 비교했을 때 기분이 더욱 부정적으로 변화했으며, 노출 전과 후 모두 여성의 신체 만족도가 남성보다 더욱 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 타인 신체와의 비교과정에서 여성은 이상적인 신체를 자신보다 우월하다고 판단함으로서 신체 불만족에 영향을 받는 반면, 남성은 신체비교로 인한 영향을 적게 받는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

keywords: body comparison, body dissatisfaction, gender difference, body image, 신체비교, 신체 불만족, 성차, 신체상

Abstract

Based on a social comparison theory, this study aims to identify the gender differences in a body comparison' process, which is an important variable, developing body dissatisfaction and eating disorder. Fifty male and female university students participated in this experiment. They were asked to assess the body shape, attractiveness, superiority of overweight, muscular, and thin male bodies and overweight, normal, thin female bodies with VAS. The results showed that females estimated normal and thin female bodies as more attractive and superior than males did, while males estimated muscular male bodies as more attractive and superior than females did. Further, females reported more negative mood at post-experiment than pre-experiment compared to males, and higher body dissatisfaction in both pre- and post-experiment than males. These results suggest that females were influenced on body dissatisfaction through estimating idealized body as superior than their own body, but males were less influenced from idealized body.

keywords: body comparison, body dissatisfaction, gender difference, body image, 신체비교, 신체 불만족, 성차, 신체상

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논문 상세

Vol.18 No.1

성차에 따른 신체 비교와 신체 불만족 간의 관계 연구

The Relationship between Body Comparison and Body Dissatisfaction among Males and Females

초록

Abstract

참고문헌

한국심리학회지: 건강