The capability for suicide (CS) is the capacity to conduct lethal suicide attempts. According to the interpersonal-psychological theory of suicide (IPTS), lethal suicidal behavior occurs when individuals have both suicidal desires and CS. Most of the empirical literature on CS has supported the major hypothesis that the construct moderates the relationship between suicidal desires and actual suicide attempts. However, there has been increasing evidence that contradicts the main features and roles of CS. This study was aimed to review the studies on CS and address the inconsistency between the IPTS and some of the empirical studies. To this end, studies on the conceptual features and measurement of CS were reviewed. Moreover, studies on the role of CS in the relationship between the suicidal desires and suicide attempts were examined. Finally, studies on the causes of CS were reviewed. The results showed that the moderating role of CS in the relationship between the suicidal desires and suicide attempts are strongly supported by the empirical literature. However, there were several limitations in the measures of CS. There were also concerns on the basic features of the concept and hypothesis on the relationships between painful and provocative experiences and CS. Several means to overcome the limitations of prior studies were suggested in this study.
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