죽음이 두렵지 않은 사람들의 유형 분류: 잠재프로파일 분석을 이용하여
Classification of Persons with Fearlessness About Death Using Latent Profile Analysis
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초록
자살의 대인관계 이론에 따르면, 자살욕구와 죽음에 대한 두려움은 서로 독립적으로 작동하여 자살행동 실행여부를 결정한다. 하지만 최근 연구들은 두 변인 간 상관관계가 예상과 달리 유의한 것으로 보고하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 죽음에 대한 두려움 부재와 자살욕구의 관계를 개인 수준에서 분석하고자 하였으며, 이를 위해 성인 601명을 대상으로 잠재프로파일분석을 실시하였다. 죽음에 대한 두려움 부재와 자살사고, 대인관계 관련 자살욕구 특성, 우울, 불안, 정서적 고통 감내력 수준을 측정하여 분석을 진행하였으며, 분석 결과 총 5개의 집단이 도출되었다. 이 중 세 집단은 죽음에 대한 두려움이 보통에서 높은 수준으로 나타났으며, 두 집단은 죽음에 대한 두려움이 낮은 수준으로 확인되었다. 죽음에 대한 두려움이 낮은 두 집단은 다시 자살욕구가 강한 집단과 약한 집단으로 구분되었다. 전자는 우울과 불안 수준이 높고 정서적 고통을 견디는 능력 또한 낮은 것으로 나타났으며, 후자는 우울과 불안 수준이 상대적으로 낮으며 정서적 고통을 견디는 능력은 평균 수준인 것으로 확인되었다. 이와 같은 결과는 자살의 대인관계 이론이 가정한 바와 대체로 일치하는 것이다. 다만 죽음에 대한 두려움이 낮고 자살욕구 수준 또한 높은 사람들이 예상보다 많은 비중을 차지하고 있었으며, 자살욕구 수준이 높으면서 죽음에 대한 두려움이 강한 집단은 나타나지 않아 후속 연구가 필요한 것으로 확인되었다.
- keywords
- 자살, 자살 실행력, 죽음에 대한 두려움, 잠재프로파일 분석, suicide, capability for suicide, fearlessness about death, latent profile analysis
Abstract
The Interpersonal-Psychological Theory of Suicide (IPTS) suggests that suicidal desire and fearlessness about death are relatively independent. However, recent studies have consistently shown that those two variables are correlated. Thus, this study aimed to delineate the relationship between suicidal desire and fearlessness about death using a latent profile analysis with 601 adult participants. Suicidal ideation, interpersonal variables that are related to suicidal desire, fearlessness about death, depression, anxiety, and distress tolerance were used for analysis. The results showed that there are five latent groups. Three groups showed relatively high levels of fear of death and two groups showed relatively low levels of fear of death. Of the two groups with low fear of death, one showed high levels of suicidal ideation and the other showed low levels of suicidal ideation. Participants in the former group showed higher levels of depression and anxiety, and lower levels of emotional distress tolerance. On the other hand, participants in the later group showed lower levels of depression and anxiety, and average levels of emotional distress tolerance. These results are broadly consistent with the idea of IPTS. However, the number of participants in the high risk group(high suicidal ideation and low fear of death) was higher than expected. Moreover, those with strong suicidal desires and high fear of death were not extracted into a clear latent group. These results call for further studies on the relationship between the two variables.
- keywords
- 자살, 자살 실행력, 죽음에 대한 두려움, 잠재프로파일 분석, suicide, capability for suicide, fearlessness about death, latent profile analysis
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