Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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ISSN : 1229-0653
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Vol.25 No.3
Abstract
The present study was conducted to conform the effect of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control in explaining receptive behavior intention as well as receptive behavior on the North Korean defectors, and to investigate the comparative role of Korean social identity, stereotype and prejudice(i.e. attitude about object) in the prediction of receptive behavior on the North Korean defectors, and to study the influence of subjective norm on receptive behavior on the North Korean defectors. A sample of 708 undergraduate participated in the survey. The results from regression analyses indicated that the receptive intention was explained 67.1% by proposed model, while receptive behavior was explained 61.1% by this model. Furthermore, the influence of the prejudice on attitude/receptive intention was strong than the stereotype, and the influence of the stereotype on receptive behavior was strong than the prejudice. Finally the path of the subjective norm on behavior was significant. The implications and limitations of the present study as well as the future directions of this area were discussed.
Abstract
The present study investigated whether global evaluation of subjective well-being was different from episodic one and the difference was interpreted as indicating influence of normative beliefs in the relationship between marriage and subjective well-being on global evaluation. In study 1, married and single women in their thirties evaluated their life globally and episodically. In study 2, college students made global and episodic evaluations of subjective well-being of hypothetical married and single women in their thirties. Study 2 aimed to see if college students evaluated hypothetical women differently in the two evaluations and the pattern of difference was different from that of women in their thirties in study 1. The results of study 1 showed that married women evaluated their global subjective well-being more highly than single women. However, episodic evaluations between the two groups were not different. The difference in the two evaluations suggests the influence of normative beliefs on global evaluation and the pattern of the difference demonstrates that women in their thirties have normative beliefs that marriage makes their life happier. On the contrary, the results from college students in study 2 showed that the belief in marriage as a norm was somewhat weak. Generational change in normative beliefs in the relationships between marriage and subjective well-being seemed to be reflected in the differences between global and episodic evaluations.
Abstract
The constructs of 'Autonomy' and 'relatedness' as prototype of masculinity and femininity have something to do with the cultural dimensions of individualism-collectivism or independent self construal-interdependent self construal. In this study, gender and cultural differences on gender role identity(positive and negative aspects of masculinity and femininity) were examined. The major findings of this study conducted to college students in South Korea, China, Japan, and the US. are as follows: First, most respondents highly evaluated positive aspect of masculinity and femininity than negative aspect, and also femininity scores than masculinity scores. Second, the correlation analysis among positive and negative aspects of masculinity and femininity showed a different pattern of correlation depending on nation. In addition, the theoretical relationships that previous studies assumed were only supported by American men. Finally, Although significant differences according to both of country and gender were identified, country effect was appeared to be greater than gender effect. Specifically, American students showed high level of positive aspect of masculinity and femininity, by contrast, Japanese students showed high level of negative aspect of masculinity and femininity. Korean students had shown intermediate levels between Chinese and Japanese. And the degrees of positive gender role identity of Chinese were very similar to that of American. These results indicate that development of gender role identity is strongly influenced by the dominant sociocultural values and imply that it is important to focus on the cultural heterogeneity within a homogeneous culture in cross-cultural comparative study.
Abstract
Anchoring effect refers to the phenomenon that judgments under uncertainty are likely to be influenced too much by numerical information given in advance. The previous efforts that investigated underlying mechanisms of the anchoring effects were relatively cognitive-oriented and have mostly ignored the interpersonal and social factors. But the contexts in which the anchoring effects occur involve always at least two real or hypothetical persons, information giver and receiver. The present study examined the role of source credibility (how credible the person who provides the anchoring information is) in anchoring effects. A pretest adapted from Jacowitz & Kahneman (1995) was conducted to selected the issue items that showed the biggest anchoring effects in Korea. In Study 1 of computer-administrated experiment, participants first made their own ranks potential source persons with various jobs on expertise for each issue and then made their own judgments on the issues when given anchoring information either from highly credible sources or low credible sources. As expected, the information given by high credible sources caused larger anchoring effects than that by low credible sources. In order to ruling out the possibility of demand characteristics, Study 2 replicated the finding by employing a between-subject design. Those findings were discussed suggesting the social and interpersonal perspective for understanding the anchoring effect.
Abstract
Anchoring effect refers to the phenomenon that judgments under uncertainty are likely to be influenced too much by numerical information given in advance. The previous efforts that investigated underlying mechanisms of the anchoring effects were relatively cognitive-oriented and have mostly ignored the interpersonal and social factors. But the contexts in which the anchoring effects occur involve always at least two real or hypothetical persons, information giver and receiver. The present study examined the role of source credibility (how credible the person who provides the anchoring information is) in anchoring effects. A pretest adapted from Jacowitz & Kahneman (1995) was conducted to selected the issue items that showed the biggest anchoring effects in Korea. In Study 1 of computer-administrated experiment, participants first made their own ranks potential source persons with various jobs on expertise for each issue and then made their own judgments on the issues when given anchoring information either from highly credible sources or low credible sources. As expected, the information given by high credible sources caused larger anchoring effects than that by low credible sources. In order to ruling out the possibility of demand characteristics, Study 2 replicated the finding by employing a between-subject design. Those findings were discussed suggesting the social and interpersonal perspective for understanding the anchoring effect.
Abstract
People can infer information about others from a brief observation, namely by the thin-slice judgment. The present study investigates the gender difference of thin-slice judgment during the impression formation of the opposite sex. College students were asked to infer personality traits and body sizes of a target person and evaluate her/his likableness as a potential girl/boyfriend based on a brief exposure to face, voice, or both. Consistent with the findings of evolutionary psychology on mating strategy, we predicted and confirmed that male participants inferred body sizes (Body Mass Index: BMI) of a female target more precisely than personality traits whereas female participants inferred personality traits (emotional stability and conscientiousness) of a male target more accurately than BMI. In addition, the likableness judgment of each target was largely affected by the features that each gender could infer with higher precision. The significance and limitations of the results are discussed.
Abstract
This study, undetaken with two sub-studies, examined the subtypes of college students in terms of the sub-factors of anger expression styles (Anger-In, Anger-Out, & Anger-Control) and their differences on the scores of interpersonal problems and happiness. In Study 1 (n = 90), the results from a two-stage cluster analysis entering the sub-factor scores as the clustering variables suggested the presence of four clusters (adaptive anger-control group, low anger-involving group, high anger-involving group, and suppressive anger-control group). Additionally, a MANOVA was conducted to identify the differences on the scores of interpersonal problems among the four clusters. As a result, suppressive anger-control group revealed the highest level of relationship problems among the four groups. In Study 2 (n = 93), another two-stage cluster analysis with the second sample of college students was performed to validate the presence of the four clusters from Study 1. The results provided additional support for the four clusters extracted from Study 1. In addition, the results of a one-way ANOVA, adaptive anger-control group revealed significantly higher level of happiness among the four groups. In conclusion, this study ends with the discussion of the relationship between anger expression styles and mental health.
Abstract
This study investigated the role that knowledge about others plays in forming expectations about future interaction with them, by affecting the difficulty of imagining their possible thoughts and behaviors. Participants were given knowledge about targets, which was manipulated in two ways: whether it was informative about the targets, and whether it was applicable to the subsequent task imagining targets’ reactions in various situations. Having knowledge useful in imagining targets’ reactions had a positive effect on outlook of future interaction with the targets, and this effect was partly mediated by the difficulty experienced while imagining the reactions. The data also suggested that when participants had no informative knowledge about the targets, they applied knowledge about others that was available to them.