바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

ACOMS+ 및 학술지 리포지터리 설명회

  • 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 서울분원 대회의실(별관 3층)
  • 2024년 07월 03일(수) 13:30
사전등록 바로가기
 

logo

  • P-ISSN1229-0653
  • KCI

ISSN : 1229-0653

논문 상세

이전 다음
논문 투고

Vol.31 No.3

Citation Share

도움동기, 도움행동의지, 긍정성을 촉진하는 근거제시의 힘

The Motivation of Help, Willingness to Help, the Power of Providing a Rationale to Promote Positivity

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격 / Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology, (P)1229-0653;
2017, v.31 no.3, pp.15-35
https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2017.31.3.002
이지연 (한양대학교)
장형심 (한양대학교)
이지연, & 장형심. (2017). 도움동기, 도움행동의지, 긍정성을 촉진하는 근거제시의 힘. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 31(3), 15-35, https://doi.org/10.21193/kjspp.2017.31.3.002

초록

인의 도움행동의지는 자율적으로 발현될 때 가장 이상적이지만, 실제로 많은 경우에 도움행동의지는 타율적 또는 통제적으로 발현되곤 한다. 본 연구에서는 실험연구 기법을 도입하여 자기결정성 이론에 기반 한 근거제시를 통해 자율적 도움동기, 도움행동의지, 긍정정서가 활성화될 수 있는지 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해, 실험참가자들을 처치집단과 통제집단으로 무선배당 한 후, 처치집단에는 도움행동과 관련된 합당한 근거제시(providing a rationale) 지문을 제공하고 통제집단에는 상기의 근거제시 지문을 제공하지 않았다. 예비연구를 통해 실험처치 도구에 대한 타당성 검증을 시행하였으며, 타당성이 검증된 근거제시 지문은 본연구의 독립변인으로 투입되었다. 또한 매개변인으로 자율적 도움동기(autonomous helping motivation), 종속변인으로는 도움행동참여의지(willingness to help) 및 긍정정서(positive affect)를 설정하였다. 연구결과, 근거제시는 자율적 도움동기를 활성화시켰고, 이는 궁극적으로 자발적․자율적 도움행동참여의지와 개인의 긍정정서도 예측하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 근거제시가 친사회성 육성에 관심을 둔 다양한 사회․ 교육적 장면에서 실천적으로 그리고 성공적으로 적용될 수 있음을 시사한다. 이론적으로는 학업성취 맥락에서의 근거제시를 통한 동기, 학습관여, 개념학습의 효과를 검증한 선행 연구(Jang, 2008)를 확장하여, 친사회성 발달 맥락에서도 근거제시의 효과를 검증하였다는 점에 연구의 의의를 둔다. 본 연구의 결론에서는 자기결정성 이론에 기반하여 효과적인 근거제시에 필요한 핵심 요소들을 짚어보고, 다양한 맥락에서의 근거제시를 통한 동기매개모형의 적용가능성을 논의하였다.

keywords
providing a rationale, autonomous helping motivation, willingness to help, positive affect, 근거제시, 자율적 도움동기, 도움행동참여의지, 긍정정서

Abstract

The present study examined the motivational benefits of providing a rationale as a strategy to support ones, helping behavior. In this study, we tested find out if autonomous helping motivation, willingness to help, and positive affect can be activated by introducing experimental research. We tested a motivation mediation model, based on self-determination theory. A model proposed that (1) having an externally provided rational that would facilitate one’s autonomous helping motivation(perceived autonomy and perceived importance) and (2) The extent of the autonomous helping motivation would, in turn, predict the willingness to help positive affect. Participants read on prosocial activity after either receiving a rationale or not receiving one. Participants received the rationale showed greater autonomous helping motivation, willingness to help, and positive affect than did participants without the rationale. Structural equation modeling analyses supported the hypothesized model such that presence of the rationale increased autonomous helping motivation, willingness to help and positive affect. Results are discussed in terns of a model of effect on providing a rationale(Jang, 2008). The discussion highlights the role that externally-provided rationales can promote autonomous helping motivation, willingness to help and positive affect.

keywords
providing a rationale, autonomous helping motivation, willingness to help, positive affect, 근거제시, 자율적 도움동기, 도움행동참여의지, 긍정정서

참고문헌

1.

김동일, 김미옥 (2015). 한국의 나눔교육 실태. 사회복지공동모금회 나눔연구소 기획포럼 자료. 53- 99.

2.

권주현, 박영신 (2013). 마음의 이해와 공감이 독재자 게임에 나타난 아동의 친사회적 행동에 미치는 영향. 한국심리학회지:발달, 26(3), 117-138.

3.

박정희, 김민 (2007). 청소년자원봉사활동 참여도에 영향을 미치는 개인변인 연구. 미래청소년학회지, 4(1), 85-103.

4.

이시왕 (1999). 청소년 자원봉사활동의 성과에 영향을 미치는 요인 연구: 지역사회복지관에서 활동 중인 청소년을 중심으로. 서울여자대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.

5.

이혜연 (1997). 중학생 자원봉사활동 실태분석: 중학교와 지역사회 기관․단체를 중심으로. 가톨릭대학교 대학원 석사학위논문.

6.

Assor, A., Vansteenkiste, M., & Kaplan, A. (2009). Identified versus introjected approach and introjected avoidance motivations in school and in sports: The limited benefits of self-worth strivings. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(2), 482-497.

7.

Baard, P. P., Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2004). Intrinsic need satisfaction: A motivational basis of performance and weil‐being in two work settings. Journal of applied social psychology, 34(10), 2045-2068.

8.

Batson, C. D., Coke, J. S., Jasnoski, M. L., & Hanson, M. (1978). Buying kindness: Effects of an extrinsic incentive for helping on perceived altruism. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 4(1), 86-91.

9.

Batson, C. D., & Shaw, L. L.(1991). Evidence for altruism: Toward a pluralism of prosocial motives. Psychological Inquiry, 2(2), 107-122.

10.

Berkowitz, L. (1972). Social norms, feelings, and other factors affecting helping and altruism. Advances in experimental social psychology, 6, 63- 108.

11.

Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Sage focus editions, 154, 136-136.

12.

Deci, E. L., Eghrari, H., Patrick, B. C., & Leone, D. R. (1994). Facilitating internalization: The self-determination theory perspective. Journal of personality, 62(1), 119-142.

13.

Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). The general causality orientations scale: Self-determination in personality. Journal of research in personality, 19(2), 109-134.

14.

Deci, E. L., Schwartz, A. J., Sheinman, L., & Ryan, R. M. (1981). An instrument to assess adults' orientations toward control versus autonomy with children: Reflections on intrinsic motivation and perceived competence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 73(5), 642-659.

15.

Dovidio, J. F., Piliavin, J. A., Schroeder, D. A., & Penner, L. (2006). The social psychology of prosocial behavior. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.

16.

Eisenberg, N., & Fabes, R. (1998). Prosocial development. In N. Eisenberg (Ed.), Handbook of child psychology, Vol 3: Social, emotional, and personality development(pp. 701-778). Ner York: John Wiley.

17.

Ekman, P. E., & Davidson, R. J. (1994). The nature of emotion: Fundamental questions. Oxford University Press.

18.

Finkelstein, M. A., Penner, L . A., & Brannick, M. T. (2005). Motive, role identity, and prosocial personality as predictors of volunteer activity. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 33(4), 403-418.

19.

Gagné, M. (2003). Autonomy support and need satisfaction in the motivation and well-being of gymnasts. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 15(4), 372-390.

20.

Gottfried, A. E. (1985). Academic intrinsic motivation in elementary and junior high school students. Journal of educational psychology, 77(6), 631-645.

21.

Grant, A. M., & Ashford, S. J. (2008). The dynamics of proactivity at work. Research in organizational behavior, 28, 3-34.

22.

Grolnick, W. S., Benjet, C., Kurowski, C. O., & Apostoleris, N. H. (1997). Predictors of parent involvement in children's schooling. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(3), 538-548.

23.

Grolnick, W. S., & Ryan, R. M. (1987). Autonomy in children’s learning: An experimental and individual difference investigation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(5), 890-898.

24.

Jang, H. (2008). Supporting students’ motivation, engagement, and learning during and uninteresting activity. Journal of Educational Psychology, 100(4), 798-811.

25.

Jang, H., Reeve, J., & Deci, E. L., (2010). Engaging students in learning activities: It is not autonomy support or structure but autonomy support and structure. Journal of Educational Psychology, 102(3), 588-600.

26.

Jang, H., Reeve, J., Ryan, R. M., & Kim, A. (2009). Can self-determination theory explain what underlies the productive, satisfying learning experiences of collectivistically oriented Korean students? Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(3), 644-661.

27.

Kohn, A. (1993). Why incentive plans cannot work. Harvard business review, 71(5), 54-62.

28.

Koestner, R., Bernieri, F., & Zuckerman, M. (1992). Self-regulation and consistency between attitudes, traits, and behaviors. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(1), 52-59.

29.

Krehbiel, L. E., & MacKay, K. (1988). Volunteer Work by Undergraduates. ERIC Digest.

30.

Levesque, C., Zuehlke, A. N., Stanek, L. R., & Ryan, R. M. (2004). Autonomy and competence in German and American university students: A comparative study based on self-determination theory. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(1), 68-84.

31.

Mussen, P., & Eisenberg-Berg, N. (1977). Roots of caring, sharing, and helping: The development of pro-social behavior in children. WH Freeman.

32.

Nelson, S. K., Della Porta, M. D., Jacobs Bao, K., Lee, H. C., Choi, I., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2015). ‘It’s up to you’: Experimentally manipulated autonomy support for prosocial behavior improves well-being in two cultures over six weeks. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 10(5), 463-476.

33.

Newman, F., Milton, C., & Stroud, S. (1985). Community service and higher education: obligations and opportunities. American Association of Higher Education Bulletin, 37(10), 9-13.

34.

Patrick, B. C., Skinner, E. A., & Connell, J. P. (1993). What motivates children's behavior and emotion? Joint effects of perceived control and autonomy in the academic domain. Journal of Personality and social Psychology, 65(4), 781-791.

35.

Pavey, L., Greitemeyer, T., & Sparks, P. (2012). “I help because I want to, not because you tell me to” empathy increases autonomously motivated helping. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38(5), 681-689.

36.

Reeve, J., & Jang, H. (2006). What teachers say and do to support students’ autonomy during a learning activity. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(1), 209-218.

37.

Reeve, J., Jang, H., Carrell, D., Jeon, S,., & Barch, J. (2004). Enhancing Students’ Engagement by Increasing Teachers’ Autonomy Support. Motivation and Emotion, 28(2), 147-169.

38.

Reeve, J., Jang, H., Hardre, P., & Omura, M. (2002). Providing a rationale in an autonomy- supportive way as a strategy to motivate others during an uninteresting activity. Motivation and emotion, 26(3), 183-207.

39.

Ryan, R. M., & Connell, J. P. (1989). Perceived locus of causality and internalization: Examining reasons for acting in two domains. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57(5), 749-761.

40.

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self- determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychology, 55(1), 68-78.

41.

Ryan, R. M., & Grolnick, W. S. (1986). Origins and pawns in the classroom: Self-report and projective assessments of individual differences in children's perceptions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(3), 550-558.

42.

Ryan, R. M., Rigby, S., & King, K. (1993). Two types of religious internalization and their relations to religious orientations and mental health. Journal of personality and social psychology, 65(3), 586-586.

43.

Sobus, M. S. (1995). Mandating community service: Psychological implications of requiring prosocial behavior. Law and Psychological Review, 19, 153-182.

44.

Soenens, B., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2010). A theoretical upgrade of the concept of parental psychological control: Proposing new insights on the basis of self-determination theory. Developmental Review, 30(1), 74-99.

45.

Underwood, B., & Moore, B. (1982). Perspective- taking and altruism. Psychological Bulletin, 91(1), 143-173.

46.

Vallerand, R. J., & Blssonette, R. (1992). Intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivational styles as predictors of behavior: A prospective study. Journal of personality, 60(3), 599-620.

47.

Vansteenkiste, M., Simons, J., Lens, W., Soenens, B., & Matos, L. (2005). Examining the motivational impact of intrinsic versus extrinsic goal framing and autonomy‐supportive versus internally controlling communication style on early adolescents' academic achievement. Child development, 76(2), 483-501.

48.

Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: the PANAS scales. Journal of personality and social psychology, 54(6), 1063-1070.

49.

Weinstein, N., & Ryan, R. M. (2010). When helping helps: autonomous motivation for prosocial behavior and its influence on well-being for the helper and recipient. Journal of personality and social psychology, 98(2), 222-244.

한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격

논문 투고 OA 정책