스마트폰 중독 경향집단의스마트폰 관련 자극에 대한 주의편향: 정서스트룹 및 탐침 탐사과제를 중심으로
Attentional Bias Toward Relevant Stimuli in Tendencies of Smartphone Addiction: A Focus on the Emotional Stroop Task and the Dot-Probe Task
박형규 (경북대학교)
장문선 (경북대학교)
곽호완 (경북대학교)
초록
본 연구는 수정된 정서 스트룹 과제와 탐침 탐사 과제를 사용하여 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단이 스마트폰 관련 자극에 보이는 주의편향 특성을 밝히고자 하였다. 성인용 스마트폰중독 자가진단 척도를 통해 분류된 스마트폰 중독 경향이 높은 집단과 일반사용자군(통제집단)을 대상으로 실험을실시하였다. 실험 1에서는 스마트폰 관련 단어를 활용한 정서 스트룹 과제를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 집단 간 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었지만, 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단은 스마트폰 관련 단어에대해, 통제 집단은 통제 단어에 더 느린 반응 시간을 보였다. 실험 2에서는 자극 제시 시차(SOA) 를 500ms와 2000ms로 설정하여 스마트폰 관련 자극과 통제 자극을 쌍으로 제시하는 수정된 탐침탐사 과제를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 자극 제시 시차가 짧은 경우(500ms), 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단은 스마트폰 관련 자극에 대하여 선택적인 주의편향을 보였고, 통제 집단은 이와 정반대의 결과인 통제 자극에 더 빠르게 반응하는 경향이 나타났다. 자극 제시 시차가 긴 경우(2000ms)는 통계적으로 유의미한 결과가 나타나지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 스마트폰 중독 경향 집단이 통제집단과 비교되는 주의 특성이 있다는 점과, 스마트폰 중독을 위한 평가 및 연구에 본 과제들을 활용할 수 있다는 점을 시사한다.
- keywords
- 스마트폰 중독, 주의 편향, 정서 스트룹 과제, 탐침 탐사 과제, smartphone addiction, attentional bias, emotional stroop task, dot-probe task
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of attentional bias for stimuli that are relevant in a group tending toward smartphone addiction using the Emotional Stroop Task and the Dot-Probe Task. The experiments were conducted with a general group (control group) included. Total 44 students participated in two tasks (22 addictive tendency group and 22 general group). Tendencies toward smartphone addiction were categorized by the Survey of Smartphone Addiction Scale (S-scale). In two experiments, Repeated ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. In experiment 1, the Emotional Stroop Task was performed, using smartphone-related and general words. There was no statistically significant difference between the subsamples, but the smartphone addictive tendency group displayed a slower reaction time for smartphone-related words, while the control group did for control words. In experiment 2, a modified Dot-Probe Task was conducted, using smartphone-related stimuli and control stimuli in pairs under 500 ms and 2,000 ms Stimulus-Onset Asynchrony (SOA) conditions. Under the SOA 500 ms condition, the smartphone addictive tendency group reacted more quickly to smartphone-relevant stimuli than to control stimuli which revealed an attentional bias for the former. The control group exhibited exactly the opposite response tendency: They reacted more quickly to the control stimuli than to the smartphone stimuli. There were no statistically significant results under the 2,000 ms SOA condition. This results can be interpreted as ‘Inhibition of Return(IOR)’. The findings suggest that the smartphone addictive tendency group has different attention characteristics than the control group. Such study results and related further research can be used for the evaluation of smartphone addiction.
- keywords
- 스마트폰 중독, 주의 편향, 정서 스트룹 과제, 탐침 탐사 과제, smartphone addiction, attentional bias, emotional stroop task, dot-probe task
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