바로가기메뉴

본문 바로가기 주메뉴 바로가기

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology

Article Contents

Prev Next
e-Submission

Vol.23 No.4
Citation Share

An Exploratory Study of Apologies among Middle and High School Students

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology / The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, (P)1229-070X; (E)2713-9581
2018, v.23 no.4, pp.835-858
https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2018.23.4.002

(2018). An Exploratory Study of Apologies among Middle and High School Students. The Korean Journal of Health Psychology, 23(4), 835-858, https://doi.org/10.17315/kjhp.2018.23.4.002
  • Downloaded
  • Viewed
PDF Download

Abstract

The objective of this study was to explore how apologies can be used effectively for prevention and treatment of school-based violence among middle and high school students. More specifically, the study examined the components of apology students wanted when they are hurt seriously by their friends and how those apology components were related to healing. Criterion variables of healing were anger reduction, forgiveness and relationship restoration. The study sample consisted of 680 middle and high school students. The measures included two harm scenarios, the Anger before Apology Scale, the Apology Components Scale, the Healing Scale, and the Korean Forgiveness Scale-Short Form. Results showed that participants’ evaluation of the significant components of an apology were as follows in descending order of their significance: taking responsibility, expressing remorse and empathy, offering compensation, promising forbearance, and a request for forgiveness. Exploratory factor analyses on the Apology Components Scale(ACS) suggested that the ACS had two factors. ‘Compensation Component’(CC) included only offering compensation and ‘Components except Compensation(’CEC) included four components. Also the students wanted more CEC than CC. Finally, the apology components were significantly correlated with all of criterion variables of healing. Closer examination on the factors related to the apology components showed that CEC had significant correlations with all criterion variables. However, CC had a significant correlation only with relationship restoration.

keywords
중고등학생, 학교폭력, 사과 구성요소, 용서, 관계회복, middle and high school students, school violence, apology components, forgiveness, relationship restoration

Reference

1.

강인 (2017, 9, 12). “딸의 죽음, 진실을 밝혀 주세요” 전주서 옥상 투신 여중생 아버지. 뉴시스. http://vmedia.daum.net에서 2017, 11, 3 자료 얻음.

2.

교육과학기술부 (2012). 학교폭력 사안대응 기본지침.

3.

김기범, 임효진 (2006). 대인관계 용서의 심리적 과정탐색: 공감과 사과가 용서에 미치는 영향 분석. 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 20(2), 19-33.

4.

김은경 (2009). 회복적 사법 실천모델의 효과성 연구:공식소년절차 참여집단과 ‘대화모임’참여집단 간의비교연구를 중심으로. 형사정책연구, 20(3), 239-272.

5.

김은경, 이호중 (2006). 학교폭력 대응방안으로서 회복적 소년사법 실험연구(I). 서울: 한국형사정책구원.

6.

김호, 정재승 (2011). 쿨하게 사과하라. 서울: 어크로스.

7.

대구신문 (2017, 1, 5). “미안해”···먼저 사과하고 학교폭력 예방하자. 대구신문. http://www.idaegu.co.kr에서 2017, 3, 5 자료 얻음.

8.

배원섭, 성희자 (2014). 학교폭력 가해학생의 조치에 대한 연구-학교폭력예방법을 중심으로. 사회과학연구, 25(4), 269-287.

9.

오영희 (2012). 한국인 용서 척도 단축형의 타당화: 고등학생을 대상으로. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 17(2), 399-413.

10.

오영희 (2015a). 한국 대학생의 용서구하기에 대한 조사. 청소년학연구, 22(1), 81-110.

11.

오영희 (2015b). 상처의 덫에서 행복의 꽃 피우기. 서울:학지사.

12.

오영희 (2016). 용서구하기 척도의 개발과 타당화. 한국심리학회지: 건강, 21(3), 549-569.

13.

오윤주 (2016, 10, 24). ‘사과 데이’···사과주고 사과하세요. 한겨레. http://www.hani.co.kr에서 2017, 3, 5자료 얻음.

14.

유경애 (2013). 한국 대학생들의 사과화행 인식과 평가:공손선이 범문화적 비교 가능성의 탐색. 영어학, 13(3), 601-625.

15.

이미경 (2011). 의료사고 상황에서 사과와 일반적 신뢰가 분노와 용서에 미치는 영향. 중앙대학교 석사학위 청구논문.

16.

황성혜 (2014). 위반사건 유형과 사과 유형이 용서에 미치는 영향. 중앙대학교 석사학위 청구논문.

17.

황춘화, 홍석재 (2018, 8, 1). 학교폭력 해결? 학폭위 때문에 되레 아이들이 멍든다. 한겨레. http://www.hani.co.kr에서 2018, 8, 2 자료 얻음.

18.

Chapman, G., & Thomas, J. (2012). 5가지 사과의 언어 [The five languages of apology]. (김태곤 역). 서울: 생명의 말씀사. (원전은 2006년에 출판)

19.

Darby, B. W., & Schlenker, B. R. (1982). Children’s reactions to apologies. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43(4), 742-753.

20.

Fehr, R., & Gelfand, M. J. (2010). When apologies work: How matching apology components to victims’ self-construals facilitates forgiveness. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 113(1), 37–50.

21.

Fehr, R., Gelfand, M. J., & Nag, M. (2010). The road to forgiveness: A Meta-analytic synthesis of its situational and dispositional correlates. Psychological Bulletin, 136(5), 894-914.

22.

Hu, M., Cotton, G., Zhang, B., & Jia, N. (2018). The influence of apology on audiences’ reactions toward a media figure’s transgression. Psychology of Popular Media Culture. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1037/ppm0000195

23.

Kirchhoff, J., & Čehajić-Clancy, S. (2014). Intergroup Apologies: Does It Matter What They Say? Experimental Analyses. Peace and Conflict:Journal of Peace Psychology, 20(4), 430-451.

24.

Kirchhoff, J., Wagner, U., & Strack, M. (2012). Apologies: Words of magic? The role of verbal components, anger reduction, and offence severity. Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, 18(2), 109-130.

25.

Lazare, A. (2010). 사과 솔루션 [On apology]. (윤창현 역). 서울: 지안출판사. (원전은 2004년에 출판)

26.

Ohbuchi, K., Kameda, M., & Agarie, N. (1989). Apology as aggression control: It's role in mediating appraisal of and response to harm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(2), 219-227.

27.

Worthington, E. L., Jr. (2006). 용서와 화해 [Forgiving and reconciling]. (윤종석 역). 서울: Ivp. (원전은2003년에 출판)

28.

Zehr, H. (2010). 회복적 정의란 무엇인가? [Restorative justice]. (손진 역). 서울: Korean Anabaptist Press. (원전은 2005년에 출판)

The Korean Journal of Health Psychology

e-Submission OA Policy