Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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ISSN : 1229-0653
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Vol.30 No.1
Abstract
Would a lonely person choose a true friend or a million dollars? Because people fulfill their unmet social needs by forging social connections, lonely people may be expected to favor social relationships over money. However, the present research reveals that lonely people prioritize money in their pursuit of happiness, and prefer $100,000 to a true friend (Study 1, 2). Moreover, in contrast to their expectations, lonely people did not derive more happiness from money than they did from friends in real life (Study 3). Overall, the current research shows that lonely people believe that money can boost their happiness more so than social connections, a mistaken belief stemming from excessive materialistic values.
Abstract
This study examines the moderating role of emotional intelligence on the relationship between Machiavellianism and two types of reciprocity: positive reciprocity and negative reciprocity. We used the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS), Christie and Geis' Machiavellianism Scale (Mach-IV) and the Personal Norm of Reciprocity (PNR) questionnaires (N = 367). The results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that the interaction of machiavellianism and emotional intelligence was significant on both types of reciprocity. Regarding the moderation of emotional intelligence, results showed that the aspects of moderation differed between the two types of reciprocity. In positive reciprocity, emotional intelligence buffered the negative effect of machiavellianism on positive reciprocity, whereas in negative reciprocity, emotional intelligence strengthened the positive effect of machiavellianism on negative reciprocity. These results could be explained by a recent research that emotional intelligence is the capacity to adapt one's response flexibly in accordance with others' behaviors and strategies. And this aspect of emotional intelligence suggests that when emotional intelligence interacts with machiavellianism, it can either have buffering or strengthening effect, depending on the social context.
Abstract
In this study, we examined whether people can recognize antecedents of schadenfreude toward their misfortune when they become the target, and whether inferred inner states regulate the perception of the expressers along two dimensions: person perception (warmth, competence, and morality) and interaction style (dominance and affiliation). In Study 1, participants were asked about their experience of recognizing others’ schadenfreude and compassion toward them when they were experiencing misfortune. In Study 2, participants read a scenario featuring schadenfreude or compassion. The results showed that the expresser of schadenfreude was viewed as feeling greater inferiority, envy, ill will, dislike, rivalry, and thoughts that the target deserved their misfortune, in comparison to the expresser of compassion. Moreover, expressers of schadenfreude were perceived as incompetent, cold, and immoral. Regarding interaction style, the expresser of schadenfreude was perceived as more dominant and less affiliative than the expresser of compassion.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the influences of narcissism (covert, overt) on SNS addiction tendency and the mediating roles of interpersonal problems. First of all, we categorized interpersonal problems into three types that is moving toward people(Moving Toward), moving away from people(Moving Away), and moving against people(Moving Against). And we assumed that all of three types of interpersonal problems would have the mediating role between covert narcissism and SNS addiction tendency, while only Moving Against would show the mediating effect between overt narcissism and SNS addiction tendency. The self report survey was conducted to 199 subject who were undergraduate and graduate student. The results are followings. First, the relation between covert narcissism and SNS addiction tendency was fully mediated by moving toward, moving against. Second, the relation between overt narcissism and SNS addiction tendency was fully mediated by Moving Against. Finally, Moving Away showed suppressor effect to SNS addiction tendency but the effect was not significant statistically. Implications of the findings, limitation and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Abstract
As expressed by the famous Blackstone’s ratio, the beyond reasonable doubt standard of proof is based on the law’s primary motivation to avoid false conviction at the expense of increasing the probability of false acquittal. In contrast, jurors may have common-sense motivation to avoid both types of error. With 100 juror-eligible adults in Korea, the present study demonstrated that utilities of the two types of decision error were evaluated relative to those of the correct decisions rather than each other. The utility of false conviction was evaluated relative to that of a correct acquittal of an innocent defendant, and the utility of false acquittal in relation to that of a correct conviction of a guilty defendant. If this psychological configuration of the utilities is held by jurors in the courtroom, it suggests that they may have double standards for the fact-finding; one to decide on the question of guilt under the presumption of innocence and the other to decide on the question of innocence deduced from the presumption of guilt. Double standards will increase the frequency of punishing innocent defendants.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to assess the risk of suicide by using the Implicit association test(IAT) and Emotional stroop task which to measure the implicit attitude or cognitive bias.The research was conducted with detainee(n=18) and college students(n=72). To test the difference between these group, the study used Depression Hopelessness and Suicide Screening Form(DHS). These two groups were resorted by their level of risk suicide. the first group identified as high risk group(n=30) and the second group identified as low risk group(n=60). As expected, the high risk group reported higher score on self-reported depression, hopelessness and suicide ideation scale as well as D score of IAT. The results indicates the high risk group has a high level of the suicide thoughts implicitly. Finally, logistic regression analysis was conducted and proved the self-reported suicide ideation and D score of IAT had a significant predictive power in suicide risk group. Since this study assess the risk by measuring natures that are difficult to fabricate intentionally unlike most suicide risk assessment tools, it is significant in terms of being comparatively free from the possibility of the distortion. Furthermore, it will be helpful in evaluating the suicide risk targeting prisoners in the correctional institution.
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effects of objective self-awareness on the psychological characteristics of suspects when they tell a lie. To manipulate objective self-awareness, half the suspects were seated in front of a mirror and half were not during a polygraph test. After the polygraph test, the suspects were instructed to complete a psychological characteristics questionnaire focusing on such characteristics as shame/guilt, state anxiety, and impression management. Additionally, we divided the suspects into two groups depending on their polygraph test results to identify the differences in psychological characteristics between the lie and truth groups. The lie group showed significantly higher guilt than did the truth group; however, the two groups were not statistically significantly different in terms of their reporting of shame. In addition, there were differences in anxiety and impression management, depending on objective self-awareness. The lie group who completed the polygraph in front of a mirror were higher in anxiety and expressed more impression management than did those who were not in front of a mirror. In contrast, the truth group was unaffected by the presence of the mirror. These results showed there were differences in the psychological characteristics of the suspects in the two groups depending on objective self-awareness. These findings may help to correctly detect truth and lies in many applied settings, such as the forensic, judicial, and investigative domains.
Abstract
This study investigated realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups and perceived discrimination as predictors of life satisfaction of North Korean defectors in South Korea. For the purpose, 273 North Korean defectors completed the questionnaires including realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups, perceived discrimination, life satisfaction. and background variables(sex, age, residence periods in South Korea). Results indicated, at first, that there was no significant differences of sex, age, residence periods in South Korea for realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups, perceived discrimination, and life satisfaction. Second, the higher the realistic conflict perception toward multicultural groups, the more perceived discrimination, but the lower the life satisfaction. Third, analysis further revealed that the perceived discrimination mediated the relationship between realistic conflict perception and life satisfaction. Based on the results, the future study topics relating to this area were suggested.