Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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ISSN : 1229-0653
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Vol.34 No.2
Abstract
The present study employed a multidimensional vocational identity model to classify college students into six vocational identity statuses (achievement, moratorium, searching moratorium, foreclosure, diffusion, and undifferentiated) and investigated how career compromise patterns differ among the statuses. Participant were asked to respond to self-report measures that assess the vocational identity, the status of career compromise, the level of career compromise, and the value discrepancies between ideal and present career goals. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 for k-means cluster analysis, chi-square test, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), and Bonferroni post-hoc test. Prior to the main analyses, participants were divided into six vocational identity status groups based on the Vocational Identity Status Assessment. The main results of the study are as follows. First, the status of career compromise was not significantly different among identity status groups. Second, the level of career compromise was significantly different among identity status groups. Post-hoc analyses showed that the level of career compromise of the achievement status was lower than that of undifferentiated and moratorium statuses, and career compromise level of foreclosure, searching moratorium statuses was lower than that of diffusion. Third, group differences of internal value discrepancy were found significant. The results of discrepancies in career values showed that the achievement status was the only status with the internal values of present career goals higher than that of ideal career goals (+), while moratorium and undifferentiated statuses had the highest internal value discrepancy scores (-). This study is meaningful in that it examined the differences between internal and external values among identity statuses, while looking at vocational identity and career compromise as multidimensional factors. Limitations of the study and the discussion of possible future research are proposed.
Abstract
This study aimed to examine which secondary stress factors served as greater risk factors for the onset of mental disorders following a disaster. For this purpose, disaster victim follow-up data from the National Disaster Management Research Institute, obtained between 2012 and 2017, were used to analyze data of victims who showed no symptoms of mental illness for a period of three months prior to the disaster (n=1390). The participants were divided into two groups: those that developed a mental disorder after a disaster (n=156) and those that did not (n=1234). Logistic regression analysis was then performed to determine whether demographic factors, disaster-related factors, psychological factors, primary stress factors, and secondary stress factors predicted the onset of mental disorder following a disaster. The results showed that the risk of developing a mental disorder following a disaster was higher among women, older age, lower monthly income, victims of a social disaster, victims who suffered an injury or disease due to the disaster, and victims who were experiencing high levels of depression and post traumatic stress symptoms at the time of the study. Among secondary stress factors, the risk of developing a mental disorder following a disaster was higher among victims who experienced conflict with neighbors, local and national governments, when the disaster relief service or information provided during the recovery process was unreliable, when the government delivered inadequate medical support, and a decrease in asset. These results suggested that secondary stress management should be included as important factors for consideration in the mental health coping strategies of victims of disasters.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of evaluators’ presumption of guilty/innocent conviction of child sexual abuse cases on assessing credibility of allegedly abused child victims’ statements with CBCA(Criteria-Based Content Analysis). Total 44 CBCA experts and non-experts participated in the experiment. A half of them were provided with evidence tending to prove the suspect’s guilt, whereas the other half were provided with evidence of presumably not guilt, before they evaluated the existing 19 CBCA criteria and statement credibility and suspicion in general with the same case. The results showed that the guilt-biased group had significantly higher total CBCA scores than the innocent-biased group did, with higher scores in Criterion1(logical consistency) and Criterion4(reported accurately but not understood). The expert group evaluated significantly more CBCA criteria existed than the non-expert group but there was no significant interaction effect of guilty/innocent presumption and their expertise. Lastly, this study discussed cognitive bias possibly related when assessing credibility of child sexual abuse allegation and ways of reducing the potential for biased judgements.
Abstract
The moral-character model (Choi & Hur, 2020) in judical judgment of intentionality proposed that crime agent’s moral characteristic would be a core factor regardless of its direct relevance to the crime. The previous studies on the model have focused only on the moral characteristic of the crime agents but not on that of the victims. We examined the interactive roles and potential mechanisms - typicality of the crime - of moral characteristics of both the parties on intentionality judgment. In Study 1, participants were presented with one of four scenarios varied in moral characteristics (positive vs. negative) of both the crime agent and victim and rated how intentional the crime was. In Study 2, participants first rated the probability of criminal involvement for each moral characteristics and then were given the crime scenarios to respond on the typicality and intentionality questionnaire. As a result, participants evaluated the crime more intentionally conducted when both the agent and victim were described morally negative than all the other conditions. Furthermore, probability of criminal involvement and typicality of the crime revealed the same pattern as intentionality. The results suggest that moral characteristic of the victim as well as that of the crime agent could influence judgment of crime intentionality and typicality, which was discussed in limitations of information processes focused on the crime agent and implications for holistic approaches integrating all factors in crimes.