Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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A Study on the Relations of Ideological Topology and Psychological Bases in South Korean Adults
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Abstract
Two studies were conducted to fill the lack of psychological exploration on the study of ideological topology in Korean adults and the possible psychological bases of such topology. Differential demographic effects like economic status, educational levels, gender, and age would related to liberal-conservative ideology in Korean setting compared to Western culture were examined in analysis 1. Psychological bases related on the ideological topology were probed in the analysis 2. To test the generality of the theoretical model relating personality and world views to ideological trends (conservative-liberal), prejudice (attitudes towards North Korea, rich people, and enterprisers), and life style by using structural equation modeling (SEM) with latent variables in a sample of Korean students and adults living in Cheonan and Seoul. 500 persons, 238 (47.6%) males and 262 (52.4%) females with an average age of 35 years old completed a survey questionnaire based on authoritarianism, social dominance, social conformity, life style, social attitudes and social world views. Different correlations between variables were analyzed, and the goodness of fit statistics and path coefficients for the structural equation modeling were interpreted. More conservatives evidenced in lower education, higher economics, and more liberal attitudes in females than males and married than not-married. But differential ideological configurations effects were revealed according to political, economical, and social domains. However, there was age effect, which is not for granted in Western society, which suggest there might be a cultural difference between Western countries and Korea. Generally, SEM model proposed by Duckitt, Birum, Wanger, and Plessic(2002) was supported, which means ideological trends and related social beliefs can be explained by the right wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance (SDO), which in turn connected with social conformity, dangerous world view, tough mindedness, competitive jungle world. Especially, RWA and SDO had positive, reciprocal, and causal impacts each other, path prediction from RWA to SDO than vice verse though, which suggest strong ideological orientations were established in Korea like Europe and America. More closer link political and social domains to RWA while economic domains to SDO and more strong relation between social confirmity and RWA, competitive world view and SDO. RWA than SDO can predict more conservatism but lesser RWA and SDO in females than males since more competitive world view and dangerous world view are prevalent in males than females. Finally, the limitations and future directions of the presents study were discussed.
- keywords
- ideological topology, liberal-conservative, structural equation modeling, right wing authoritarianism, social dominance, social conformity, dangerous world view, tough mindedness, competitive jungle world, 이념적 지형, 진보와 보수, 심리적 요인, 우익 권위주의, 사회적 지배성
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