Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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ISSN : 1229-0653
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Vol.37 No.1
Abstract
A presidential election is a sociopolitical event that not only influences the entire society, including the economy, culture, and politics, but also the happiness of individuals in the society. In this study, we aimed to empirically explore the association of a presidential election with happiness. To do so, we analyzed Subjective Well-Being (SWB) trajectories around the 20th presidential election held on 9th March 2022 by materializing large-scale cross-sectional data (Study 1; N = 22,939) and a repeated measure longitudinal data across four time points (Study 2; N = 833). The results indicated that the impact of the presidential election on SWB differed according to which presidential candidate one supported. The changes in SWB following the presidential election were not significant for those who experienced the election results positively (i.e., regions with a higher number of Yoon supporters & Yoon supporter). However, those who experienced the election results negatively (i.e., regions with a higher number of Lee supporters & Lee supporter) showed a significant dip in their SWB compared to before the election, and this decrease in SWB was maintained over a month. This study has implications in that it is the first study to examine the relationship between elections and happiness in South Korea. Interpretations and discussions of the results are further discussed in the General Discussion section.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on perception and punishment for targets’ violation of traffic laws, and to examine the mediation effects of expectancy disconfirmation. For this purpose, a 2 ✕ 2 between subject experiment was conducted for 280 participants by manipulating SES (high vs. low) and gender (male vs. female) in the traffic scene. Participants were randomly assigned one of four conditions, and presented with stimulus pictures and explanation corresponding each condition, and then answered a survey including manipulation check, impression evaluation, expectancy disconfirmation, wrongness perception and punishment for violation of traffic laws. In this study, offenses were divided into fine type (parking violation, signal violation, and speed violation) and penalty type (drunken driving, driving without a license, hit-and-run). We found that there was a significant difference in the wrongness perception of the violation of the fine and the judgment of punishment according to target’s SES. In the violations of fine type, people with higher socioeconomic status were perceived as more wrong and punished more severely for the same violation. For the case of penalty type, there was no difference depending on target’s SES. The relationships between SES and perception/punishment were mediated by the expectations-disconfirmation. Specifically, it was found that the degree of expectation-disconfirmation was greater (vs. small) for drivers with higher (vs. lower) SES, and ultimately, these inconsistencies made perception/ judgments for violations more wrong/harsh. The results of this study are meaningful in that socioeconomic status in the traffic scene can bias social judgment and punishment for traffic violation behavior.
Abstract
An emerging literature suggests that people have basic needs for social status which is defined as one’s comparative social ranking in terms of social esteem an respect. Building on the literature, the present research examined social class differences in the relative importance of internal vs. external attributes of social status. The results from two studies showed that external attributes such as income and economic conditions are relatively more important for lower-class individuals, whereas internal attributes such as attitudes and elegance are relatively more important for higher-class individuals. Specifically, in Study 1, social class was negatively associated with perceived importance of external attributes in determining social status and yet, positively associated with relative importance of internal attributes over external attributes. In Study 2, lower-class participants reported that their social status was higher when they believed that external criteria of social status were met than when they believed that internal criteria of social status were met. In both studies, subjective social class showed stronger effects than objective social class. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that one’s perception of social status systematically varies as a function of social class.
Abstract
Counterfactual thinking (i.e., thoughts of what might have been) is a mental time travel to past and its alternatives. The phenomenon of counterfactual thinking has been actively studied over the decades in the field of Social Psychology, yielding important insights into how human cognition, affect, and behavior are interconnected. From a functional perspective, the present study reviews literature on how counterfactuals are related to diverse experiences such as affect, motivation, judgment, decision making, self-concept, and interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, the present study proposes new direction for future research in counterfactual thinking. Implications for application of counterfactuals and interdisciplinary research are discussed.
Abstract
The present study tested a moderated mediation model that stipulates an interaction of ethnic identity and national identity in predicting South Koreans’ feelings of collective guilt about the current situations involving the two Koreas, which in turn predicting their intentions to engage in reconciliaroty behaviors. A total of 1,300 South Korean adults participated in a survey via a stratified sampling method. Results indicated, as expected, that the stronger the ethnic identity, the more likely the participants reported collective guilt, and this relationship was stronger for individuals who are low in national identity compared to those who have strong national identity. We also found support for the predicted moderated mediation effect in predicting the participants’ intention to learn about the positions and perspectives of the outgroup (i.e., North Korea) on the current North-South situations and their willingness to sacrifice the current economic advantages of South Korea as a means to resolve the nuclear crisis on the peninsula. Implications of these findings for research on issues related to the two Koreas and directions for future research are discussed.