Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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- P-ISSN1229-0653
- KCI
ISSN : 1229-0653
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Vol.20 No.4
Abstract
This research investigated integrated relationship among internal psychological trait, life experience, and subjective well-being. For this purpose, the mediating role of life experience on the relationship between psychological trait and subjective well-being is examined. Psychological trait included five factors of personality, self-efficacy, and individualism-collectivism. Life experience included interpersonal relationship, finance, and health. A total of 231 Korean undergraduate students were participated in this study. The results are as follows. First, extraversion, conscientiousness, neuroticism, self-efficacy, and collectivism are important psychological traits of subjective well-being. Second, interpersonal relationship and finance are more important than health for the students' subjective well-being. Third, path analysis indicates that extraversion and self-efficacy are positively related with the relationship with friends, which increase their positive affects. However, conscientiousness and collectivism are positively related with the relationship with parents, which decrease their negative affects. These positive and negative affects are related with the global evaluation of one's life satisfaction. These results indicate that individual subjective well-being and happiness are related with internal psychological traits and this linkage is mediated by one's life experiences.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to show an alternative model of cultural self-construals which can explain the difference in self perception between South Koreans and Japanese. Traditionally accurate perception of self has been essential for achieving mental health. But some researchers argue that positive illusions(or self-enhancing biases) are characteristic of general human thinking. Self-enhancement is one of the most reliable findings in Western cultures. However, many cross-cultural studies have found little or no such self-enhancing biases in Japan. Therefore, it has been argued that the cultural difference in self perception reflects cross-culturally divergent view of self as independent(in Europian American cultures) or as interdependent (in Asian cultures). But this perspective cannot explain positive illusions that South Koreans have. In order to solve this problem we proposed an alternative model of cultural self-construals; subjective self of South Koreans and objective self of Japanese.
Abstract
This study examined whether the media influences cognition and stereotype for a foreigner and foreign country. To be concrete, we examined whether stereotype about Japanese that we had was related to our mass media use. Based on a ‘Cultivation theory’ that the people of heavy media user will accept the world that media describes as the reality world. We were going to prove relationships with media reality and real reality by a experiment. By the experiment (with 63 Subjects, during 2 week), we confirmed whether stereotypes (social reality) that we have for Japanese were changed by seeing and hearing of a Japanese TV dramas. We understood that use of the media had an influence on stereotypes about Japan or Japanese from our result. For example, users of Japanese TV dramas have changed their stereotype about values and personality of Japanese.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the differences of evauation for justice and group value between students and adults sample. The experiment conducted by 3x2 factorial design which was consisted of two kinds of subjects (i.e., students and adults sample) and three kinds of scenarios (control, whistle-blowing, and obedient condition) developed by Yamaguchi (1994). A person who was told to tell a lie to his customers and hide the defects of his company's products was depicted in a scenario. In the control condition, no information regarding the person's behavior was given to the subjects. In the second condition stated that the person blew the whistle on his company. In the obedient condition, the scenario stated that the person obeyed the order. The analysis of variance showed that there was a main effect for each conditions on the evaluation of morality, personality, and social dimension such as justice and cooperation. That is, the whistle blower was perceived as a moral, matured, reliable, and just person. On the other hand, the obedient person was evaluated as a group-oriented one. In addition, the whistle blower was prefered to work as frieds, superior and colleague rather than obedient person.
Abstract
Considering the importance of physical attractiveness (PAT) in modern Korean society, it seems plausible that physically attractive individuals are happier than less attractive people. To examine this relationship, 107 university students in Korea reported their subjective well-being (SWB). Later, their pictures were taken and rated by others in terms of attractiveness. The result shows that objective PAT (evaluated by others) had no relationship with SWB in the male sample. Among females, however, objective PAT significantly related with their positive affect levels. Interestingly, however, subjective evaluations of PAT correlated strongly with SWB.
Abstract
The present study investigated the realities of Koreans' perception of discrimination through survey data, as well as the effect of perceived social structure (i.e., status legitimacy and stability) and the group identity of the members of the majority and the minority groups, on the perception and experiences of discrimination. 2000 men and women participated in this nation-wide survey. The results demonstrated that Koreans perceived the discrimination toward the disabled, toward people of lower education (and people who graduated from less prestigious colleges) and the foreign laborers as the most serious in Korean society. Also as expected, women or people of lower education experienced greater discrimination the more they perceived that the existing status of groups was illegitimate, in comparison with men or people who graduated from prestigious college. Furthermore, women reported greater experiences of being discriminated against as their private collective self esteem of being a woman increased, while people of higher education reported less experiences of being discriminated against as their private collective self esteem increased. Unexpectedly, the effect of perceived group status turned out to be inconsistent. The practical and the theoretical implications of these results were discussed in terms of the social identity theory as well as the system justification theory.
Abstract
The present study examined the influence of discrimination experience on evaluation of in-group/ out-group and its member. For this aim, two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, participants received information that described either a favorable or unfavorable in-group/out-group member and then evaluated the person whom they read about. The results showed that the participants who experienced discrimination evaluated the unfavorable out-group member more negatively and the favorable out-group member more positively than those in the non-discrimination condition. The evaluation of in-group member was not influenced by the discrimination experience. The procedure of Experiment 2 was the same as that of Experiment 1 except for adding evaluation of in-group/out group before its member. The result showed that participants who experienced discrimination evaluated the out-group more unfavorably than those in the non-discrimination condition. The evaluation of its member was the same with Experiment 1. This result suggests that information processing and evaluation of group and its member can differ. Implications and limits of the study are discussed.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the types of responser's aberrant responses during personality test interpretation process and identify relationship between aberrant responses and personality sub-factors. In this study, the types of aberrant responses was defined as social desirability, random response, acquiescence, and extreme response. The measure was composed of 'Big 5 personality test', 'social desirability scale', and 'random response scale', which was administerd to 3,051 subjects in 30 universities. And 'acquiescence index' and 'extreme response index' was computed. Based on the analysis of these data, following result are found; in 'self-deception enhancement' and 'image management' on social desirability scale, only self-deception enhancement has shown meaningful relationship extroversion and openness about an experience; only image management has shown meaningful relationship agreeableness; both self-deception enhancement and image management have shown meaningful relationship conscientiousness and emotional instability. Acquiescence tendency has shown positively high correlation with other factors except agreeableness. No meaningful relationship emerged between random response and any other factors. Extreme response has shown positively small correlation with other factors except emotional instability. In a measurement viewpoint, the fact that the balanced scale is very important on the study of acquiescence was found.