Korean Journal of Social and Personality Psychology
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ISSN : 1229-0653
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Vol.31 No.2
Abstract
We investigated the interactive effect of person and situation on infidelity intention in romantic relationship. In study 1, married individuals (N = 116) completed an online survey including a measure of narcissism and were asked to respond to infidelity intention questions after imagining themselves as a protagonist in a hypothetical vignette. The protagonist in the vignette has made a big investment into marriage and encounters an attractive opposite-sex person who showed romantic interests in him/her. Results showed that narcissism was positively related to infidelity intentions, and that men had higher infidelity intentions than women. However, the interaction between sex and narcissism was not significant, indicating that narcissism’s effect on infidelity intention was independent of participant sex. In Study 2, we investigated the effects of both person and situation on infidelity intention, as well as the interaction between them. Male students (N = 143) who were not involved in a romantic relationship completed a measure of narcissism and responded to infidelity intention questions after reading a similar vignette to study 1. We manipulated the investment size of the protagonist (high vs. low) and quality of the alternative partner (high vs. low) in the vignettes. Participants showed higher infidelity intentions when the investment size was low or when the quality of the alternative was high. Narcissistic individuals showed high infidelity intentions when both investment size and quality of the alternative were high or both of them were low. These results suggest that it is important to take both person and situation into account when understanding social behavior.
Abstract
Do people fully recognize the impact of other people’s happiness on their own? We asked college freshmen, newly assigned to dormitories, to predict how much impact their roommates’ happiness would have on their satisfaction with dormitory life. Their predictions were compared with the reports of students who have actually lived in the same dormitories. Freshmen students expected that roommates’ happiness, compared to other factors (e.g, dormitory facilities and roommates’ habits), would play a less central role in their dormitory satisfaction (Study 1). Similar tendency was observed even among students currently residing in dormitories (Study 2). Contrary to their intuitions, however, roommates’ level of happiness was most predictive of their satisfaction with dormitory life (Study 3). These results illustrate people’s tendency to underestimate the importance of other people’s happiness on their own. Discussions on the possible societal consequences of happiness are offered.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine how empathy, fairness, intention in helping behavior and social self-efficacy affect bystanders' helping behavior in a cyber bullying situation. The participants were 94 female college students. After an online chatting for discussion(cyber bullying experiment), each participant completed some self-report questionnaires. Participants’ responses in a cyber bullying situation were classified into one of 10 categories. The collected data was analyzed by correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results are as follows. First, emotional empathy and social self-efficacy significantly influenced on bystanders' intention to help someone who experience an everyday difficulty, and cognitive empathy significantly explained bystanders' intention to help bullying victim. Second, social self-efficacy and cognitive empathy showed significant effects on actual helping behavior of participants as bystanders in cyberbullying situation. Third, empathy and fairness had mediation effects between intention in helping behavior and actual helping behavior of bystanders, respectively. Fourth, social self-efficacy didn't moderate intention in helping behavior on actual helping behavior of bystanders. These results suggest that activation of cognitive empathy and improving social self-efficacy can contribute to actual helping behavior and the prevention of cyberbullying. Finally, the limitations of this study were discussed along with suggestions for further research.
Abstract
Two studies examined the possibility that information relevant to the concepts of city and rural areas can influence belief in just world(BJW) and cooperative behavior. In study 1, participants were asked to imagine city(vs. rural) areas. In an ostensibly unrelated second task, participants responded to BJW scale. The results showed that participants perceived the world as a more fair place when the concepts of city(vs. rural) area were primed. In study 2, we used a scrambled sentence task(SST) for implicitly priming the concepts of city or rural areas. After completion of the priming procedure, participants were invited to a second, ostensibly separate experiment in which they were asked to make a decision in a prisoner’s dilemma game. The results showed that participants primed with the city concepts made more cooperative decisions than those who were primed with rural area concepts. The implications of present study for cooperative decision-making are discussed.
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to classify the acculturation strategies based on the multidimensional acculturation model and to examine the differences of psycho-social characteristics among North Korean refugee youth. For this reason, after we respectively divided heritage/receiving cultural orientations into two domains(cultural behaviors and values). Participants were 94 North Korean refugee youths aged 18 to 28 (male: 38, female: 56). Self-report data was analyzed using the cluster analysis and analysis of variance. The acculturation strategies were categorized 3 types as follows: ‘the partial integration (with small cultural behaviors of South Korea)’, ‘the partial separation (with average cultural behaviors․values of North Korea)’, ‘the assimilation (with superior cultural behaviors of South Korea).’ The assimilation was the lowest on acculturation stress, while the partial integration was the highest on everyday discrimination. The support from South Korean also was significantly higher in the assimilation than in the partial separation. Based on results, we discuss the importance of creating sociocultural context of biculturalism to improve their adaptation.
Abstract
Group entitativity is a group trait to be perceived as a whole, singular entity, and not as a crowd of individuals. In this study, a Group Entitativity Scale was developed based on items from previous studies and its subfactors were examined. Participants reported perceived characteristics of four different group types (an intimacy group, a task group, a social category, a loose association) on a preliminary Group Entitativity Scale. The results show that a two-level model of group entitativity has a good fit. In the model, group entitativity consists of two distinct factors: Agency and Essence. Agency factor comprises common goal and common fate; Essence factor is composed of closeness, impermeability, and groupness. Meanwhile, when the four types of groups were compared on the two factors, Agency and Essence factor scores of the intimacy group and the task group were higher than the scores of the other two groups. Agency score of the task group was higher than that of the social category; however, the difference between the two groups in Essence was not statistically significant. Both Agency and Essence scores of the loose association were lower than those of the other groups. This study reveals the factor structure of group entitativity, and thereby further reifies the concept and provides a method to measure it.